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来源：乐发彩票娱乐2024-01-06 17:48

【寻味中华】东北年猪菜的幸福感******

　　中新社吉林1月19日电题：东北年猪菜的幸福感

　　中新社记者苍雁石洪宇

　　在吉林舒兰，小年过后，“坐席”便成了孩子们翘盼的事。

　　今年过年，陈秀坤筹划了10道年猪菜宴请乡邻。冒着热气的大铁锅支在院子中间，遇冷凝华的水蒸气令陈秀坤的眉毛上结满霜花，五六位赶来帮忙的乡邻正将刚宰杀的年猪分类。

图为1月13日，吉林舒兰，准备用来制作年猪菜的猪肉摆放整齐。中新社记者苍雁摄

　　“谁家过年杀猪，都会请亲朋好友过来撮一顿。”陈秀坤说。

　　“小寒大寒杀猪过年。”在东北农村地区，年猪菜俗称“杀猪菜”，最初形式为乡宴，是春节必不可少的“硬菜”。

　　经过柴火炖煮的大块猪肉香气诱人，各类配菜软烂入味。热气腾腾的年猪菜一上桌，热闹喜庆的年味儿也愈发浓郁，亲朋好友围坐，真是东北人一年中最幸福的时刻。

　　年猪菜传承自中国满族先民习俗。历经时间流转，菜品不断丰富，白肉血肠、酸菜烩猪肉、肉皮冻、炒猪心、汆丸子汤……毫不夸张地说，年猪菜可以做上几十道不重样。

图为吉林省吉林市一家饭店内，年猪菜摆上桌。中新社记者苍雁摄

　　陈秀坤告诉记者，年猪菜是可以贯穿整个新年的美食。

　　肉皮冻，是许多东北人家的除夕“下酒菜”，由猪皮熬制而成。将猪皮肥肉部分刮去，清理干净后切成小条，加入生姜和盐，熬煮两小时后放入冰箱冷藏，待结冻后切块，佐以蒜泥、酱油等食用，口感筋道有韧性。

　　每临新年，许多城市居民也都开车进村吃上一顿年猪菜，驱散过去一年的疲乏。

图为1月13日，吉林舒兰，村民在做年猪菜。中新社记者苍雁摄

　　“酒席满堂，不如白肉血肠。”血肠的制作相当考究，白肉血肠也是年猪菜里的经典菜肴。年逾花甲的张洪滨19岁起便接触这道菜的制作。作为百年老字号“吉林市老白肉馆”的掌门人，血肠烹饪他熟稔于心。

　　张洪滨说，用不同方法灌猪血，可以制作出清血肠和混血肠。

　　其中，清血肠的口味最为难得。杀猪后待猪血凝固、沉淀，取最上层的清血，加入中草药、老汤及各种调料，灌入猪的明肠。蒸煮入口后，味道清淡、肠衣脆。

　　混血肠的制作也不简单。其区别在于，灌制血肠后要用火烤，目的是将猪油烤出去。上锅焯水排除杂质后，放入老汤里煮，出锅后切成薄片。将血肠与大块五花肉同炖，上好的血肠杀猪菜便诞生了。

图为1月13日，吉林舒兰，大锅内在煮年猪肉。中新社记者苍雁摄

　　71岁的丁森独爱白肉血肠的味道。作为土生土长的东北人，冬日餐桌上的热气与热闹伴其从小到老。每年一入冬，和亲朋撮上一顿杀猪菜的期待便已开始。大肉块蘸上蒜瓣酱油汁，血肠在口中融化，由口入心的满足感无以言表。

　　美食在桌，亲朋在侧，吃出年猪菜的幸福感。(完)

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.